Gas-burner.



No. 788,433. A PATBNTED SEPT. 8.1903..

' J. L. GRAHAM.

GAS BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 25. 1902.

N0 MODEL.

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l I IH i lll Illlll l I Rs cu. PNnraLn VV/////// /f/ l wlllllllllllllllllll Uff/2655515. 52m A@ @fccfg lzzz UNITED STATESu Patented September 8, 1.903.

PATENT OFFICE..

GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 738,433, dated September 8, 19031.

Application tiled August 25, 1902. Serial No. 120,920. (No model.)

T a/ZZ whom, it ntay con/cern:

Be t'known that I, JAMEs L. GRAHAM, a resident of Allegheny, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Gas- Burners; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to gas-burners; and its object is to provide a burner for gas wherein the danger of back firing or back dashing is largely overcome.

To this end it comprises gas and air supplying means foi-said burner constructed upon the principle of an injector and whereby theA air and gas will be supplied to the burner with considerable velocity, so that even in case the pressure is quite low, as in the case of artificial gas, back flashing or back firing will not occur.

The invention also consists in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved burner, and Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the same.

The top is shown at 1, and this may be of any desired shape or construction or may be entirely omitted, the specific form of top shown in the drawings being Yselected for purposes of illustration merely.

The gas supply o r service pipe is shown at 2. Connected to this pipe is a fitting 3, having at its upper end a conical nozzle 4, which projects into the conical interior of a nozzle 5, screwed onto the tting 3 at its lower end and provided with openings 6 near its base. The nozzle also is conical n'its outer surface and projects into a chamber 7, formed in a fitting 8, screwed onto the fitting 3 and provided with the openings 9,' communicating outlet-orifice l2. The upper end of the nozzle 5 is located in such proximity to this restricted orifice that the action between this nozzle 'and the inner walls of the chamber 7 also operate on the principle of an injector. It will thus be seen that a double injector is provided.

The fitting 8 is provided at its upper end with a projection or nozzle 14, which also preferably is conical, as shown, and vwhich projects up into the burnertube 15,.tl1e latter being secured onto the itting S at its lower end and carrying at its upper end the top 1 when the latter is to be used. This tube is provided with air-openings 16, the upper edges of which are justbelow the upper end of the nozzle 14. Through these openings an additional supply of air is drawn in. To regulate this air-supply,a sleeve 17 is litted about the tube andis provided with openings 18, which may bebrought into register with the openings 1 6 in the tube. The sleeve 1S is provided with slots 19, through which project screws 20, these screws serving to hold the sleeve in place, while the slots permit rotation thereof to bring the openings 16 and 1S into register to any desired extent.

It will'be observed that the end of the nozzle 4 projects into the chamber of nozzle 5 into proximity to the restricted orifice 10 ef the latter, and the end ot' `the nozzle 5 also projects into chamber l1 into proximity to the restricted orifice 12. It will also be observed that the conical interior of the nozzle 4 is provided with a shoulder 24 just at the base of the restricted orifice 10 and that the chamber'll also has substantially a shoulder at the base of the restricted orice 12. As a consequence the gas escaping from the nozzle 4 and the air and gas escaping from the nozzle 5 do not merge into chambers of any considerable capacity, so that they cannot expand to such an extent as to lose an appreciable amount of their pressure. Furthermore, the ends of the nozzles 4 and 5 are but very slightly below the shoulders 24 and 25, respectively, so that the incoming air is directed or thrown by these shoulders over the jets escaping from the nozzles 4 and 5. This serves to thoroughly mingle the air with the gas, thus increasing the volume of the IOO latter and forcing the mixture through the orifices 10 and 12 at a pressure practically the same as the original pressure of the gas.

By means of the injectors shown the air and gas is given considerable Velocity, so

that it is supplied to the burner under sufcient pressure to entirely prevent the back firing or back ashing which ordinarily occurs. Thisis of greatimportance when using articial gas, which generally is of low pressure and does not readily mix with the air. Back tiring is one ot' the difnculties' encountered in burning artiticial gas, and my burner entirely overcomes this. To further aid in preventing back liring, I place in the pipe 15, near the bottom thereof", a suitable obstruction, such as the bushing 22, which has a funnel-shaped opening therethrough, thus providing a restricted orifice through which the air and gas pass and presenting practically square shoulders toward the top. The restricted orifice through this bushing gives to the air and gas an increased velocity at the upper end of said bushing, so that any iiame that may leap backward is again blown forward by the greater velocity of the air and gas.

By means of my burner air is drawn into the same at a high velocity at three different points and mixed in three dierent chambers, so that a very thorough mixing of the air and gas is secured. I have found by actual experiment'that with this burner a very much larger proportion of air can be mixed with the gas than With burners as ordinarily constructed, this being due to the fact that the airand gas is given a high Veloci ty at the i several different points by the injectors. The

additional amount of .air in turn adds to the lightness of the mixture and to the velocity with which the mixture passes through the burner-tube.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a gas-burner, the combination with the burner-tube, of an injector connected thereto, the outer member of said injector having a conical interior with a restricted orice at its apex forming a shoulder at the base of said orice, an air connection at the base of said outer member, the inner member of said injector having a conical exterior substantially parallel to the conical interior of the outer member and havingits end located in proximity to the shoulder at the base of the restricted orifice of the outer member, and a gas connection for said inner member.

2. In a gas-burner, the combination with the burner-tube, oi' aY plurality of injectors connected in series thereto, the outer members of each injector having substantially straight conical interiors with restricted oriiices at their apices forming shoulders at the base of Ysaid orifices, the inner members'o'f said injectors having straight conical exteriors and having their ends lying in proximity to the shoulders at the bases of the restricted orifices in theouter members, an airinlet through the outer member of each injector, and a gas connection for the inner member of the first injector.

3. In a gas-burner, the combination with the burner-tube, an obstruction near the base of said tube providing a restricted passage therethrough, an air-opening into said tube beneath said obstruction, an injector projecting into said tube with its end at least as high as the upper edge of said air-opening, the outer member of said injector having a conical interior with a restricted oriice at its upper end forming a shoulder at the base of 'said orifice, the inner member of said injector having its end lying in proximity to the shoulder at the base of the restricted orifice of the outer member, an air connection. for said outer member, and a gas connection for said inner member.

In testimony whereof I, the said JAMES L. GRAHAM, have hereunto set my hand.

JAMES L. GRAHAM.

Witnesses:

F. W. WINTER, ROBERT C. ToT'rEN. 

